Which imaging technique is crucial for diagnosing hip fractures in elderly patients?

• A. CT scan
• B. Ultrasound
• C. AP and lateral X-rays
• D. MRI

Answer: (C)

The imaging technique that is crucial for diagnosing hip fractures in elderly patients is the use of AP (anteroposterior) and lateral X-rays. This choice is optimal because X-rays are the first-line imaging modality for evaluating suspected hip fractures. They provide quick and accessible imaging, allowing for the identification of fractures in the hip region, particularly in the femoral neck, intertrochanteric area, and other critical locations in elderly patients who are at higher risk for such injuries.

X-rays are effective at showing bony structures and can reveal both displaced and non-displaced fractures. Given that elderly patients often present with subtle and difficult-to-diagnose fractures, obtaining quality X-ray images in multiple views (AP and lateral) is essential for accurate diagnosis and subsequent management. Additionally, X-rays are widely available, relatively low-cost, and involve minimal radiation exposure, making them particularly suited for the elderly population that may have other comorbidities.

Other imaging modalities, like CT scans and MRIs, while also useful in certain contexts, are not the primary options for initial assessment due to factors such as the increased time required for scans, higher costs, and, in the case of MRI, the potential challenge posed by any metal implants the patient may have