What is the primary characteristic of neurotmesis?

• A. Complete functional recovery
• B. Partial severance of the sheath only
• C. Complete severance of axon and sheath
• D. Temporary loss of function

Answer: (C)

The primary characteristic of neurotmesis is the complete severance of both the axon and the surrounding nerve sheath. This type of nerve injury represents the most severe form of peripheral nerve damage and leads to a profound loss of function in the affected area. Unlike other types of nerve injuries, such as axonotmesis, where the axon may be damaged but the nerve sheath remains intact, neurotmesis results in a total disruption of the nerve structure.

Patients with neurotmesis generally do not experience spontaneous recovery and may require surgical intervention for any potential restoration of function. The complete nature of this injury means that the body’s innate healing processes are insufficient to repair the nerve without surgical assistance. Understanding this classification of nerve injury is crucial for determining appropriate treatment strategies and potential outcomes for patients.