What is the preferred treatment method for infants diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip?

• A. Open reduction and internal fixation
• B. Spica casting
• C. Long leg casting
• D. Pavlik harness

Answer: (D)

The preferred treatment method for infants diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip is the Pavlik harness. This treatment is an effective and non-invasive approach used for infants, typically under six months of age, who present with this condition. The Pavlik harness works by holding the infant's hips in a flexed and abducted position, which is essential for allowing the hip joint to develop correctly and encouraging proper positioning of the femoral head within the acetabulum.

Using the Pavlik harness allows for dynamic stabilization of the hip while enabling the infant to move their legs, promoting development and decreasing the likelihood of complications associated with more invasive procedures. When applied correctly, it has a high success rate in achieving proper joint alignment without the need for surgical intervention.

In contrast, other methods such as open reduction and internal fixation are reserved for more severe cases or when conservative measures fail. Spica casting and long leg casting may be considered in certain situations, but they are generally not the first line of treatment for infants as they can be more restrictive and may not promote natural movement as effectively as the Pavlik harness.

This knowledge is crucial for healthcare providers in effectively managing and treating developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants, ensuring the best possible outcomes for hip joint development.